The implementation of nursing process during patient care in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autor:	Bayih WA; Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Ayalew MY; Department of Nursing, Pediatrics Ward, Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 196, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia., Belay DM; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Alemu AY; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Birihane BM; Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Asnakew S; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Endalamaw A; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 196, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Demis A; Department of Nursing, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia., Kebede SD; Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Abate BB; Department of Nursing, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia., Baih SZ; Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Feleke DG; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Mekonen DK; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Aynalem YA; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia., Aytenew TM; Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia., Chanie ES; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Heliyon [Heliyon] 2021 May 01; Vol. 7 (5), pp. e06933. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 01 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06933
Abstrakt:	Background: Nursing process (NP) is a standard method of ensuring individualized holistic care through systematic assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention and evaluation of patients. Its standard implementation is mandatory to meet the health target of "ensuring universal quality health-care services" in the sustainable development goals (SDG) launched by World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015. Being a member state of WHO, Ethiopia endorsed the SDG agenda. Therefore, determining the recent pooled estimate and associated factors of NP implementation during patient care would be of greatest importance to improve the quality of nursing care in the country. Methods: Primary studies were systematically searched from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, PsycINFO and CINAHL data bases using different search operators. Each selected primary study was critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) appraisal tool for prevalence studies. I 2 and Q statistics were used to investigate heterogeneity. Given the substantial heterogeneity between the studies, random effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled magnitude of NP implementation. Subgroup analyses were performed for evidence of heterogeneity. Egger's test was considered to declare publication bias objectively. The PRISMA guideline was followed to report the results. Results: A total of 17 primary studies with a sample of 2,819 nurses were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of NP implementation in Ethiopia was 50.22% (95% CI: 43.39%, 57.06%) with severe statistical heterogeneity (I 2 = 93.0%, P < 0.001) between the studies. From regional subgroup analysis, NP was least implemented in Tigray region 35.92% (95% CI: 30.86%-40.99%, I 2 < 0.001%). Egger's test showed no statistical significance for the presence of publication bias (P = 0.23). Nurses' good knowledge of NP [(Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 13.16: 9.17-17.15], nurses' Bachelor of Science (BSC) and above level of education (AOR = 4.16; 2.32-5.99), working in a stressful environment (AOR = 0.10; -0.02-0.22), training access (AOR = 3.30; 1.79-4.82) and accessibility of facility required for NP (AOR = 6.05; 3.56-8.53) were significantly associated with NP implementation at 95 % CI. Conclusions: It was found that only half of the nurses in Ethiopia implemented NP during patient care. Fortunately, its associated factors were modifiable. Therefore, the existing national efforts of increasing nurses' knowledge of NP and their level of education, availing facilities required for NP implementation, training access and ensuring non stressful working environment should be reinforced to meet the quality nursing care demand in Ethiopia. Prospero Id: CRD42019138159. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. (© 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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