Problem solving in European bison ( Bison bonasus ): two experimental approaches.

Autor:	Caicoya AL; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Colell M; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Ensenyat C; Barcelona Zoo, Barcelona, Spain., Amici F; Junior Research Group 'Primate Kin Selection', Institute of Biology, Faculty of Bioscience, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Royal Society open science [R Soc Open Sci] 2021 Apr 28; Vol. 8 (4), pp. 201901. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 28.
DOI:	10.1098/rsos.201901
Abstrakt:	The ability to solve novel problems is crucial for individual fitness. However, studies on problem solving are usually done on few taxa, with species with low encephalization quotient being rarely tested. Here, we aimed to study problem solving in a non-domesticated ungulate species, European bison, with two experimental tasks. In the first task, five individuals were presented with a hanging barrel filled with food, which could either be directly accessed (control condition) or which could only be reached by pushing a tree stump in the enclosure below it and stepping on it (experimental condition). In the second task, five individuals were repeatedly fed by an experimenter using a novel bucket to retrieve food from a bag. Then, three identical buckets were placed in the enclosure, while the experimenter waited outside with the bag without feeding the bison, either with a bucket (control condition) or without it (experimental condition). In the first task, no bison moved the stump behind the barrel and/or stepped on it to reach the food. In the second task, two individuals solved the task by pushing the bucket within the experimenter's reach, twice in the experimental and twice in the control condition. We suggest that bison showed a limited ability to solve novel problems, and discuss the implications for their understanding of the functional aspects of the tasks. (© 2021 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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