Default Inheritance in Modified Statements: Bias or Inference?
| Autor: | Strößner C; Department of Philosophy II, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in psychology [Front Psychol] 2021 Apr 30; Vol. 12, pp. 626023. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 30 (Print Publication: 2021). |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626023 |
| Abstrakt: | It is a fact that human subjects rate sentences about typical properties such as "Ravens are black" as very likely to be true. In comparison, modified sentences such as "Feathered ravens are black" receive lower ratings, especially if the modifier is atypical for the noun, as in "Jungle ravens are black". This is called the modifier effect . However, the likelihood of the unmodified statement influences the perceived likelihood of the modified statement: the higher the rated likelihood of the unmodified sentence, the higher the rated likelihood of the modified one. That means the modifier effect does not fully block default inheritance of typical properties from nouns to modified nouns. This paper discusses this inheritance effect. In particular, I ask whether it is the direct result of composing concepts from nouns, that is, a bias toward "black" when processing "raven". I report a series of experiments in which I find no evidence for a direct inheritance from composition. This supports the view that default inheritance is rather an inference than a bias. Competing Interests: The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2021 Strößner.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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