Urban inputs of fecal bacteria to the coastal zone of Libreville, Gabon, Central Western Africa.

Autor: Leboulanger C; MARBEC, Université Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Sète, France. Electronic address: christophe.leboulanger@ird.fr., Kolanou Biluka L; Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon; Ecole Normale Supérieure, Libreville, Gabon., Nzigou AR; Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon., Djuidje Kenmogne V; Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon; Ecole Normale Supérieure, Libreville, Gabon., Happi JLM; Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon., Ngohang FE; Ecole Normale Supérieure, Libreville, Gabon., Eleng AS; Institut de Recherche Agronomique et Forestière, CENAREST, Libreville, Gabon., Ondo Zue Abaga N; Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon., Bouvy M; MARBEC, Université Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Sète, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Marine pollution bulletin [Mar Pollut Bull] 2021 Jul; Vol. 168, pp. 112478. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 13.
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112478
Abstrakt: Libreville, the largest city in Gabon, adversely impacts the Komo Estuary and the Akanda National Park aquatic ecosystems through discharge of domestic and industrial waste. Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB: Escherichia coli and fecal streptococci) were enumerated using culture-based methods in water from 40 sites between 2017 and 2019 including coastal outlets, mangrove channels, open bays and littoral rivers. Contamination levels were high in discharge waters from small urban rivers in Libreville agglomeration, frequently exceeding international safety guidelines, whereas FIB concentrations decreased downstream from the city in main mangrove channels. Littoral forest rivers were significantly impacted by fecal contamination despite the absence of settlements in the watersheds. Protected areas are not effective in avoiding FIB contamination, indicating inefficient waste management. Dedicated management policies should be implemented to reduce both the sanitary concern and global pollution, poorly assessed in a context of demographic increase in tropical littoral zones.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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