The Incidence of Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring Among Women With Diabetes in Saudi Arabia.

Autor:	Alyousif SMM; Cardiology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU.; Clinical Pharmacist Specialist, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs Hospital, Riyadh, SAU., Aldokhel FT; Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU., Alkhanbashi OK; Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU., Alqahtani MHA; Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU., Aladawi AMM; Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU., Ashmawi AA; Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU., Al-Qunaibet A; Epidemiology, Saudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Riyadh, SAU., Masuadi E; Biostatistics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2021 Mar 31; Vol. 13 (3), pp. e14225. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 31.
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.14225
Abstrakt:	Background: The risk of congenital anomalies is increased in infants of diabetic mothers (IDM). The most frequent cardiac anomalies in IDMs include ventricular septal defect, transposition of great arteries, and aortic stenosis. Objective: Estimating the incidence of infants with congenital heart defects (CHD) whose mothers have diabetes in Saudi Arabia at a tertiary hospital in the National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA) system. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort. The population was all births of type 1 and type 2 diabetic mothers and non-diabetic mothers (also mothers with gestational diabetes) in NGHA by following the exclusion criteria, which were mothers over 40 and below 20 years of age, and other risk factors such as drug-induced congenital disease. The data was from deliveries from January 1st 2018 to January 1st 2019. Data were collected by chart review using the Best-Care system at NGHA hospital. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) was used for the statistical analysis. Results: A total of 1838 diabetic mothers and non-exposure, non-diabetic mothers, with the outcome of whether the infant had CHD, were included in this study. Most of the mothers (544, 30.11%) were aged 30-34 years old. About two-thirds of mothers, 1161 (63.24%), weren't diabetic, 500 (27.23%) had gestational diabetes, 132 (7.19%) were type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and 43 (2.34%) were type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Two hundred eighteen (11.82%) offspring had CHD, and the remaining 1625 (88.17%) did not. The most frequent echocardiographic abnormalities in infants of diabetic mothers were patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (31.75%), patent foramen ovale (PFO) (31.75%), and atrial septal defect (ASD) (23.64%). Conclusion: The incidence of CHD among infants of included mothers in this cohort study was 11.82%. The most frequent echocardiographic abnormalities in the infants of diabetics were PDA and PFO. The incidence of CHD was higher among mothers who had T1DM followed by T2DM, and whose ages were between 30-34. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. (Copyright © 2021, Alyousif et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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