miRNAs as novel immunoregulators in cancer.

Autor: Lone SN; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu & Kashmir, India., Bhat AA; Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar., Wani NA; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu & Kashmir, India., Karedath T; Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar., Hashem S; Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar., Nisar S; Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar., Singh M; Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (BRAIRCH), AIIMS, New Delhi, India., Bagga P; Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA., Das BC; Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India., Bedognetti D; Laboratory of Cancer Immunogenomics, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar., Reddy R; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA., Frenneaux MP; Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., El-Rifai W; Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA., Siddiqi MA; Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, India., Haris M; Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. Electronic address: mharis@sidra.org., Macha MA; Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, India. Electronic address: muzafar.macha@islamicuniversity.edu.in.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Seminars in cell & developmental biology [Semin Cell Dev Biol] 2022 Apr; Vol. 124, pp. 3-14. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 27.
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.013
Abstrakt: The immune system is a well-known vital regulator of tumor growth, and one of the main hallmarks of cancer is evading the immune system. Immune system deregulation can lead to immune surveillance evasion, sustained cancer growth, proliferation, and metastasis. Tumor-mediated disruption of the immune system is accomplished by different mechanisms that involve extensive crosstalk with the immediate microenvironment, which includes endothelial cells, immune cells, and stromal cells, to create a favorable tumor niche that facilitates the development of cancer. The essential role of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) in the mechanism of cancer cell immune evasion has been highlighted in recent studies. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate a wide range of post-transcriptional gene expression in a cell. Recent studies have focused on the function that miRNAs play in controlling the expression of target proteins linked to immune modulation. Studies show that miRNAs modulate the immune response in cancers by regulating the expression of different immune-modulatory molecules associated with immune effector cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, B-cells, and natural killer cells, as well as those present in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. This review explores the relationship between miRNAs, their altered patterns of expression in tumors, immune modulation, and the functional control of a wide range of immune cells, thereby offering detailed insights on the crosstalk of tumor-immune cells and their use as prognostic markers or therapeutic agents.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE