Changes in leaf functional traits with leaf age: when do leaves decrease their photosynthetic capacity in Amazonian trees?

Autor: Menezes J; Tropical Forest Sciences Graduate Program, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil., Garcia S; Laboratory of Biogeochemical Sciences, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil., Grandis A; Laboratory of Physiology and Ecology of Plants (Lafieco), Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-090, Brazil., Nascimento H; Biodiversity Coordination (CBIO), National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil., Domingues TF; Department of Biology-FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo 14040-901, Brazil., Guedes AV; Forestry and Environmental Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCIFA), Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas 69067-005, Brazil., Aleixo I; Laboratory of Biogeochemical Sciences, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil., Camargo P; Isotopic Ecology Laboratory of the Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo 13416-000, Brazil., Campos J; Tropical Forest Sciences Graduate Program, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil., Damasceno A; Ecology Graduate Program, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil., Dias-Silva R; Zoology Graduate Program, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas 69067-005, Brazil., Fleischer K; School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany., Kruijt B; Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AA PO Box 47 PB Wageningen, Netherlands., Cordeiro AL; Tropical Forest Sciences Graduate Program, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.; Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1476., Martins NP; Tropical Forest Sciences Graduate Program, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil., Meir P; Research School of Biology, Australian National University (ANU), Canberra 2601, Australia.; School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK., Norby RJ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States., Pereira I; Tropical Forest Sciences Graduate Program, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil., Portela B; Laboratory of Biogeochemical Sciences, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil., Rammig A; School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany., Ribeiro AG; Tropical Forest Sciences Graduate Program, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil., Lapola DM; Center for Meteorological and Climatic Research Applied to Agriculture (CEPAGRI), University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-886, Brazil., Quesada CA; Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CDAM), National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Tree physiology [Tree Physiol] 2022 May 09; Vol. 42 (5), pp. 922-938.
DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab042
Abstrakt: Most leaf functional trait studies in the Amazon basin do not consider ontogenetic variations (leaf age), which may influence ecosystem productivity throughout the year. When leaf age is taken into account, it is generally considered discontinuous, and leaves are classified into age categories based on qualitative observations. Here, we quantified age-dependent changes in leaf functional traits such as the maximum carboxylation rate of ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) (Vcmax), stomatal control (Cgs%), leaf dry mass per area and leaf macronutrient concentrations for nine naturally growing Amazon tropical trees with variable phenological strategies. Leaf ages were assessed by monthly censuses of branch-level leaf demography; we also performed leaf trait measurements accounting for leaf chronological age based on days elapsed since the first inclusion in the leaf demography, not predetermined age classes. At the tree community scale, a nonlinear relationship between Vcmax and leaf age existed: young, developing leaves showed the lowest mean photosynthetic capacity, increasing to a maximum at 45 days and then decreasing gradually with age in both continuous and categorical age group analyses. Maturation times among species and phenological habits differed substantially, from 8 ± 30 to 238 ± 30 days, and the rate of decline of Vcmax varied from -0.003 to -0.065 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 day-1. Stomatal control increased significantly in young leaves but remained constant after peaking. Mass-based phosphorus and potassium concentrations displayed negative relationships with leaf age, whereas nitrogen did not vary temporally. Differences in life strategies, leaf nutrient concentrations and phenological types, not the leaf age effect alone, may thus be important factors for understanding observed photosynthesis seasonality in Amazonian forests. Furthermore, assigning leaf age categories in diverse tree communities may not be the recommended method for studying carbon uptake seasonality in the Amazon, since the relationship between Vcmax and leaf age could not be confirmed for all trees.
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Databáze: MEDLINE
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