Cell death pathways and viruses: Role of microRNAs.

Autor:	Sadri Nahand J; Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shojaie L; Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Akhlagh SA; School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Ebrahimi MS; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Mirzaei HR; Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bannazadeh Baghi H; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Mahjoubin-Tehran M; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Rezaei N; Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran., Hamblin MR; Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, 2028 Doornfontein, South Africa.; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Tajiknia V; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rahimian N; Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran., Mirzaei H; Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] 2021 Mar 19; Vol. 24, pp. 487-511. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 19 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.1016/j.omtn.2021.03.011
Abstrakt:	Viral infections lead to the death of more than a million people each year around the world, both directly and indirectly. Viruses interfere with many cell functions, particularly critical pathways for cell death, by affecting various intracellular mediators. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a major example of these mediators because they are involved in many (if not most) cellular mechanisms. Virus-regulated miRNAs have been implicated in three cell death pathways, namely, apoptosis, autophagy, and anoikis. Several molecules (e.g., BECN1 and B cell lymphoma 2 [BCL2] family members) are involved in both apoptosis and autophagy, while activation of anoikis leads to cell death similar to apoptosis. These mechanistic similarities suggest that common regulators, including some miRNAs (e.g., miR-21 and miR-192), are involved in different cell death pathways. Because the balance between cell proliferation and cell death is pivotal to the homeostasis of the human body, miRNAs that regulate cell death pathways have drawn much attention from researchers. miR-21 is regulated by several viruses and can affect both apoptosis and anoikis via modulating various targets, such as PDCD4, PTEN, interleukin (IL)-12, Maspin, and Fas-L. miR-34 can be downregulated by viral infection and has different effects on apoptosis, depending on the type of virus and/or host cell. The present review summarizes the existing knowledge on virus-regulated miRNAs involved in the modulation of cell death pathways. Understanding the mechanisms for virus-mediated regulation of cell death pathways could provide valuable information to improve the diagnosis and treatment of many viral diseases. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. (© 2021 The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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