Food groups associated with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a Mendelian randomization and disease severity study.

Autor: Julià A; Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. toni.julia@vhir.org., Martínez-Mateu SH; Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain., Domènech E; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.; CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain., Cañete JD; Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain., Ferrándiz C; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain., Tornero J; Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain., Gisbert JP; CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain.; Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and IIS-IP, Madrid, Spain., Fernández-Nebro A; UGC Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain., Daudén E; Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and IIS-IP, Madrid, Spain., Barreiro-de Acosta M; Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain., Pérez C; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain., Queiró R; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain., López-Longo FJ; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain., Carazo JLS; Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain., Mendoza JL; Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain., Alpéri M; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain., Montilla C; Hospital Virgen de la Vega, Salamanca, Spain., Venegas JJP; Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain., Muñoz F; Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain., Castañeda S; Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and IIS-IP, Madrid, Spain., Aterido A; Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain., Lasanta ML; Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain., Marsal S; Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. sara.marsal@vhir.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: European journal of clinical nutrition [Eur J Clin Nutr] 2021 Sep; Vol. 75 (9), pp. 1368-1382. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 23.
DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00913-6
Abstrakt: Background/objectives: Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are prevalent diseases. There is, however, a lack of understanding of the link between diet and IMIDs, how much dietary patterns vary between them and if there are food groups associated with a worsening of the disease.
Subjects/methods: To answer these questions we analyzed a nation-wide cohort of n = 11,308 patients from six prevalent IMIDs and 2050 healthy controls. We compared their weekly intake of the major food categories, and used a Mendelian randomization approach to determine which dietary changes are caused by disease. Within each IMID, we analyzed the association between food frequency and disease severity.
Results: After quality control, n = 11,230 recruited individuals were used in this study. We found that diet is profoundly altered in all IMIDs: at least three food categories are significantly altered in each disease (P < 0.05). Inflammatory bowel diseases showed the largest differences compared to controls (n ≥ 8 categories, P < 0.05). Mendelian randomization analysis supported that some of these dietary changes, like vegetable reduction in Crohn's Disease (P = 2.5 × 10 -10 , OR(95% CI) = 0.73(0.65, 0.80)), are caused by the disease. Except for Psoriatic Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, we have found ≥2 food groups significantly associated with disease severity in the other IMIDs (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: This cross-disease study demonstrates that prevalent IMIDs are associated to a significant change in the normal dietary patterns. This variation is highly disease-specific and, in some cases, it is caused by the disease itself. Severity in IMIDs is also associated with specific food groups. The results of this study underscore the importance of studying diet in IMIDs.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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