Evaluation of the effects of altitude on biological signatures of inflammation and anxiety- and depressive-like behavioral responses.

Autor: Nguyen KT; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: kadi.nguyen@colorado.edu., Gates CA; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: chloe.gates@colorado.edu., Hassell JE Jr; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: james.hasselljr@cuanschutz.edu., Foxx CL; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: christine.foxx@colorado.edu., Salazar SN; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: stephanie.salazar@colorado.edu., Luthens AK; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: amalia.luthens@colorado.edu., Arnold AL; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: andrea.arnold@colorado.edu., Elam BL; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: brooke.elam@colorado.edu., Elsayed AI; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: ahmed.elsayed@colorado.edu., Leblanc M; Animal Resources Department, Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: mjleblan@wakehealth.edu., Adams SC; Animal Resources Department, Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: sadams13@its.jnj.com., Lowry CA; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address: christopher.lowry@colorado.edu., Reuter JD; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Office of Animal Resources, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. Electronic address: jon.reuter@colorado.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry [Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry] 2021 Dec 20; Vol. 111, pp. 110331. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 21.
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110331
Abstrakt: Over sixteen million people suffer from a depressive episode annually in the United States, with females affected at twice the rate of males. Little is known about the effects of exposure to high altitude on the risk of development of major depressive disorder, despite reports of higher suicide rates at higher altitudes. We hypothesize that exposure to hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude increases endophenotypes of self-directed suicidal violence, including biological signatures of chronic inflammation and vulnerability to anxiety-like and depressive-like behavioral responses in a sex-specific manner. Biological signatures of inflammation, including granulocyte:lymphocyte ratios, monocyte cell counts, and monocyte:lymphocyte ratios were assessed using complete blood count data, anhedonia, and anxiety- and depressive-like behavioral responses were evaluated. We assessed biological signatures of inflammation and behavioral responses in the open-field test, sucrose preference test, and modified Porsolt forced swim test in young adult male and female Long-Evans and Sprague Dawley rats. All tests were conducted near sea level (374 ft [114 m] elevation) and at moderate-high altitude (5430 ft [1655 m] elevation) during acclimation periods of one, two, three, four, and five weeks following shipment from a sea level animal breeding facility (N = 320, n = 8 per group). Exposure to moderate-high altitude induced a biological signature of increased inflammation, as evidenced by main effects of altitude for: 1) increased granulocyte:lymphocyte ratio; 2) increased count and relative abundance of circulating monocytes; and 3) increased monocyte:lymphocyte ratios. Exposure to moderate-high altitude also increased anhedonia as assessed in the sucrose preference test in both male and female rats, when data were collapsed across strain and time. Among male and female Long Evans rats, exposure to moderate-high altitude increased immobility in the forced swim test, without changing anxiety-like behaviors in the open-field test. Finally, granulocyte:lymphocyte ratios were correlated with anhedonia in the sucrose preference test. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that hypobaric hypoxia at moderate-high altitude induces persistent endophenotypes of self-directed suicidal violence including biological signatures of inflammation, anhedonia, and depressive-like behavioral responses.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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