Therapeutic Potential of GABAergic Signaling in Myelin Plasticity and Repair.

Autor: Reyes-Haro D; Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Mexico., Cisneros-Mejorado A; Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Mexico., Arellano RO; Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Mexico.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Frontiers in cell and developmental biology [Front Cell Dev Biol] 2021 Apr 06; Vol. 9, pp. 662191. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 06 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662191
Abstrakt: Oligodendrocytes (OLs) produce myelin to insulate axons. This accelerates action potential propagation, allowing nerve impulse information to synchronize within complex neuronal ensembles and promoting brain connectivity. Brain plasticity includes myelination, a process that starts early after birth and continues throughout life. Myelin repair, followed by injury or disease, requires new OLs differentiated from a population derived from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that continue to proliferate, migrate and differentiate to preserve and remodel myelin in the adult central nervous system. OPCs represent the largest proliferative neural cell population outside the adult neurogenic niches in the brain. OPCs receive synaptic inputs from glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons throughout neurodevelopment, a unique feature among glial cells. Neuron-glia communication through GABA signaling in OPCs has been shown to play a role in myelin plasticity and repair. In this review we will focus on the molecular and functional properties of GABA A receptors (GABA A Rs) expressed by OPCs and their potential role in remyelination.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2021 Reyes-Haro, Cisneros-Mejorado and Arellano.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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