Predicting Reactions to Psychedelic Drugs: A Systematic Review of States and Traits Related to Acute Drug Effects.

Autor:	Aday JS; Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, 1200 South Franklin Street, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States., Davis AK; College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, 1947 College Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.; Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States., Mitzkovitz CM; Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, 1200 South Franklin Street, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States., Bloesch EK; Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, 1200 South Franklin Street, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States., Davoli CC; Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, 1200 South Franklin Street, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	ACS pharmacology & translational science [ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci] 2021 Mar 05; Vol. 4 (2), pp. 424-435. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 05 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.1021/acsptsci.1c00014
Abstrakt:	Psychedelic drugs are increasingly being incorporated into therapeutic contexts for the purposes of promoting mental health. However, they can also induce adverse reactions in some individuals, and it is difficult to predict before treatment who is likely to experience positive or adverse acute effects. Although consideration of setting and dosage as well as excluding individuals with psychotic predispositions has thus far led to a high degree of safety, it is imperative that researchers develop a more nuanced understanding of how to predict individual reactions. To this end, the current systematic review coalesced the results of 14 studies that included baseline states or traits predictive of the acute effects of psychedelics. Individuals high in the traits of absorption, openness, and acceptance as well as a state of surrender were more likely to have positive and mystical-type experiences, whereas those low in openness and surrender or in preoccupied, apprehensive, or confused psychological states were more likely to experience acute adverse reactions. Participant sex was not a robust predictor of drug effects, but 5-HT2AR binding potential, executive network node diversity, and rACC volume may be potential baseline biomarkers related to acute reactions. Finally, increased age and experience with psychedelics were individual differences related to generally less intense effects, indicating that users may become slightly less sensitive to the effects of the drugs after repeated usage. Although future well-powered, placebo-controlled trials directly comparing the relative importance of these predictors is needed, this review synthesizes the field's current understanding of how to predict acute reactions to psychedelic drugs. Competing Interests: The authors declare the following competing financial interest(s): Dr. Davis is a board member of Source Research Foundation. This organization was not involved in the design/execution of this study or the interpretation or communication of findings. (© 2021 American Chemical Society.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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