Increased respiratory morbidity associated with exposure to a mature volcanic plume from a large Icelandic fissure eruption.

Autor: Carlsen HK; Environment and Natural Resources, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland. hanne.krage.carlsen@amm.gu.se.; Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. hanne.krage.carlsen@amm.gu.se., Ilyinskaya E; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. e.ilyinskaya@leeds.ac.uk., Baxter PJ; Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK., Schmidt A; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Thorsteinsson T; Environment and Natural Resources, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland., Pfeffer MA; Icelandic Meteorological Office, Reykjavík, Iceland., Barsotti S; Icelandic Meteorological Office, Reykjavík, Iceland., Dominici F; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA., Finnbjornsdottir RG; The Environment Agency of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland., Jóhannsson T; The Environment Agency of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland., Aspelund T; School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland., Gislason T; School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.; Landspitali - the National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland., Valdimarsdóttir U; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.; Centre of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Briem H; Chief Epidemiologist, Directorate of Health, Centre for Health Threats and Communicable Diseases, Reykjavík, Iceland., Gudnason T; Chief Epidemiologist, Directorate of Health, Centre for Health Threats and Communicable Diseases, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2021 Apr 12; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 2161. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 12.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22432-5
Abstrakt: The 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland was the largest fissure eruption in over 200 years, emitting prodigious amounts of gas and particulate matter into the troposphere. Reykjavík, the capital area of Iceland (250 km from eruption site) was exposed to air pollution events from advection of (i) a relatively young and chemically primitive volcanic plume with a high sulphur dioxide gas (SO 2 ) to sulphate PM (SO 4 2- ) ratio, and (ii) an older and chemically mature volcanic plume with a low SO 2 /SO 4 2- ratio. Whereas the advection and air pollution caused by the primitive plume were successfully forecast and forewarned in public advisories, the mature plume was not. Here, we show that exposure to the mature plume is associated with an increase in register-measured health care utilisation for respiratory disease by 23% (95% CI 19.7-27.4%) and for asthma medication dispensing by 19.3% (95% CI 9.6-29.1%). Absence of public advisories is associated with increases in visits to primary care medical doctors and to the hospital emergency department. We recommend that operational response to volcanic air pollution considers both primitive and mature types of plumes.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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