Multi-scale characterization of glaucophane from Chiavolino (Biella, Italy): implications for international regulations on elongate mineral particles.

Autor:	Vigliaturo R; Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 33rd Street, Hayden Hall, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Elkassas SM; Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA., Ventura GD; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.; INFN-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Frascati, Rome, Italy., Redhammer GJ; Department of Materials Science and Physics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria., Ruiz-Zepeda F; Department of Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Institute of Metals and Technology, Lepi pot 11, Ljubljana, Slovenia.; Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia., O'Shea MJ; Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 33rd Street, Hayden Hall, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Dražić G; Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Gieré R; Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 33rd Street, Hayden Hall, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	European journal of mineralogy [Eur J Mineral] 2021; Vol. 33 (1), pp. 77-112. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 09.
DOI:	10.5194/ejm-33-77-2021
Abstrakt:	In this paper, we present the results of a multi-analytical characterization of a glaucophane sample collected in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy. Investigation methods included optical microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, μ-Raman spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, environmental scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning/transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. In addition to the crystal-chemical characterization of the sample from the mesoscale to the near-atomic scale, we have also conducted an extended study on the morphology and dimensions of the mineral particles. The main finding is that studying the same particle population at different magnifications yields different results for mineral habit, dimensions, and dimensional distributions. As glaucophane may occur as an elongate mineral particle (e.g., asbestiform glaucophane occurrences in California and Nevada), the observed discrepancies therefore need to be considered when assessing potential breathability of such particles, with implications for future regulations on elongate mineral particles. While the sample preparation and particle counting methods are not directly investigated in this work, our findings suggest that different magnifications should be used when characterizing an elongate mineral particle population, irrespective of whether or not it contains asbestiform material. These results further reveal the need for developing improved regulation for elongate mineral particles. We thus propose a simple methodology to merge the datasets collected at different magnifications to provide a more complete description and a better risk evaluation of the studied particle population. Competing Interests: Competing interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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