The effects of protein level on cytokines and chemokines in the uterine environment of beef heifers during development.

Autor:	Ault-Seay TB; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA., Harrison TD; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA., Brandt KJ; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA., Payton RR; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA., Schneider LG; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA., Myer PR; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA., Rhinehart JD; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA., Rispoli LA; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA., McLean KJ; Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of animal science [J Anim Sci] 2021 Jun 01; Vol. 99 (6).
DOI:	10.1093/jas/skab105
Abstrakt:	The development of replacement heifers is crucial for breeding success and herd efficiency. Nutritional management can affect not only reproductive development but also the inflammatory status of the uterine environment, which may impact reproductive functions such as pregnancy establishment and development. The study herein evaluated the concentration of cytokines and chemokines in the uterus of heifers supplemented with different levels of protein. Angus heifers (n = 60) were blocked by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments based on protein supplementation level: control of 10% crude protein (CON), 20% crude protein (P20), or 40% crude protein (P40). BW, body condition score, and blood samples were taken every 2 wk for 140 d to monitor development. Uterine flushes were performed monthly and concentrations of cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, VEGF-α, IL-17A, and IL-36RA) and chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β) were quantified via ELISA multiplex. To test if there were mean differences in cytokines between the treatment groups or over time, PROC GLIMMIX (SAS v 9.4) was utilized. Concentrations of all cytokines and chemokines, except IL-1α, changed throughout heifer development (P < 0.05). Heifers in the P40 treatment group displayed reduced concentrations of MCP-1 (P = 0.007) and tended to have decreased concentrations of IFN-γ (P = 0.06). Cytokine IL-36RA tended (P = 0.06) to be affected by protein level, with the lowest concentrations observed in CON heifers. Most cytokines and chemokines increased following the initial month of supplementation (P < 0.05). The increase in concentrations after 1 mo may indicate an adaptive response in the uterus to diet change. Cytokines and chemokines fluctuated due to physiological changes occurring during development. Further research is needed to determine the influence of nutrition on uterine inflammation and long-term impacts on reproductive function. (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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