Experimental Evaluation of Mouse Hind Paw Edema Induced by Iranian Naja oxiana Venom.

Autor:	Esmaili A; Department of Pathology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran., Kamyab M; Department of Aquatic Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Fatemikia H; Department of Physiology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Ahmadzadeh H; School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran., Movahed A; Biochemistry Group, The Persian Gulf Tropical Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran., Kim E; College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea., Mohamadpour Dounighi N; Department of Human Vaccine and Serum, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran., Salemi A; Department of Human Vaccine and Serum, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran., Seyedian R; Department of Pharmacology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.; Department of Pharmacology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Archives of Razi Institute [Arch Razi Inst] 2021 Mar; Vol. 76 (1), pp. 139-147. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 01.
DOI:	10.22092/ari.2019.127569.1387
Abstrakt:	Iranian Naja oxiana (the Elapidae family) known as cobra snake inhabits in the northwestern part of Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the edematogenic potency of the crude venom with intraplantar injection into mice. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of three different drugs (i.e., promethazine, dexamethasone, and piroxicam) on paw edema were examined. Moreover, the gelatinase activity of this venom was assessed using the zymography method. Paw edema was induced by the intraplantar injection of different concentrations of the venom (0.5-5 μg dissolved in 50 μl of normal saline) into the mice (six in each group). It was estimated through the measurement of the increase in the paw thickness (%) with a digital caliper. The paws were pretreated and the rate of changes was measured after the venom injection. Pathological findings in the treated paws were evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Paw thickness reached its maximum amount within 5 min and resolved after 1 h. This venom had no gelatinase activity using the zymography method ruling out its role in edema. It caused non-hemorrhagic diffuse edema with the infiltration of inflammatory cells (i.e., leukocytes and lymphocytes) in the dermis. Intraperitoneal pretreatment with drugs significantly inhibited the venom-induced (1 μg/paw) edema; however, all the mice died unexpectedly a day after piroxicam injection. This in vitro and in vivo preliminary study demonstrated for the first time that N. oxiana venom-induced non-hemorrhagic edema in a short time. Dexamethasone (phospholipase A2 inhibitor; 1 mg/kg) and promethazine (H1 inhibitor; 5 mg/kg) decreased the venom-induced edema (p <0.001). It is suggested to carry out further studies to identify different mediators in venom-induced edema formation. (Copyright © 2021, Author(s). Published by Kowsar.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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