| Autor: |
Rajput VD; Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia., Harish; Department of Botany, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India., Singh RK; Centro de Química de Vila Real, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal., Verma KK; Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China., Sharma L; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal., Quiroz-Figueroa FR; Laboratorio de Fitomejoramiento Molecular, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Sinaloa (CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes no. 250, Col. San Joachín, C.P., 81101 Guasave, Mexico., Meena M; Department of Botany, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India., Gour VS; Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, NH 11C, Kant Kalwar, Jaipur 303002, India., Minkina T; Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia., Sushkova S; Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia., Mandzhieva S; Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia. |
| Abstrakt: |
The stationary life of plants has led to the evolution of a complex gridded antioxidant defence system constituting numerous enzymatic components, playing a crucial role in overcoming various stress conditions. Mainly, these plant enzymes are superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferases (GST), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), which work as part of the antioxidant defence system. These enzymes together form a complex set of mechanisms to minimise, buffer, and scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) efficiently. The present review is aimed at articulating the current understanding of each of these enzymatic components, with special attention on the role of each enzyme in response to the various environmental, especially abiotic stresses, their molecular characterisation, and reaction mechanisms. The role of the enzymatic defence system for plant health and development, their significance, and cross-talk mechanisms are discussed in detail. Additionally, the application of antioxidant enzymes in developing stress-tolerant transgenic plants are also discussed. |
