| Autor: |
Kurtz TW; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California., DiCarlo SE; Department of Physiology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan., Pravenec M; Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic., Morris RC Jr; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology [Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol] 2021 May 01; Vol. 320 (5), pp. H1903-H1918. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 02. |
| DOI: |
10.1152/ajpheart.00980.2020 |
| Abstrakt: |
On average, black individuals are widely believed to be more sensitive than white individuals to blood pressure (BP) effects of changes in salt intake. However, few studies have directly compared the BP effects of changing salt intake in black versus white individuals. In this narrative review, we analyze those studies and note that when potassium intake substantially exceeds the recently recommended US dietary goal of 87 mmol/day, black adults do not appear more sensitive than white adults to BP effects of short-term or long-term increases in salt intake (from an intake ≤50 mmol/day up to 150 mmol/day or more). However, with lower potassium intakes, racial differences in salt sensitivity are observed. Mechanistic studies suggest that racial differences in salt sensitivity are related to differences in vascular resistance responses to changes in salt intake mediated by vasodilator and vasoconstrictor pathways. With respect to cause and prevention of racial disparities in salt sensitivity, it is noteworthy that 1 ) on average, black individuals consume less potassium than white individuals and 2 ) consuming supplemental potassium bicarbonate, or potassium rich foods can prevent racial disparities in salt sensitivity. However, the new US dietary guidelines reduced the dietary potassium goal well below the amount associated with preventing racial disparities in salt sensitivity. These observations should motivate research on the impact of the new dietary potassium guidelines on racial disparities in salt sensitivity, the risks and benefits of potassium-containing salt substitutes or supplements, and methods for increasing consumption of foods rich in nutrients that protect against salt-induced hypertension. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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