The Current Status of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Controversies, Unresolved Issues and Some Promising Solutions to Improve Their Therapeutic Efficacy.

Autor:	García-Bernal D; Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Medicine Department, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., García-Arranz M; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain., Yáñez RM; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain.; Centre for Cytometry and Fluorescence Microscopy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain., Hervás-Salcedo R; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain.; Centre for Cytometry and Fluorescence Microscopy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain., Cortés A; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain., Fernández-García M; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain.; Centre for Cytometry and Fluorescence Microscopy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain., Hernando-Rodríguez M; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain.; Centre for Cytometry and Fluorescence Microscopy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain., Quintana-Bustamante Ó; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain.; Centre for Cytometry and Fluorescence Microscopy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain., Bueren JA; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain.; Centre for Cytometry and Fluorescence Microscopy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain., García-Olmo D; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain., Moraleda JM; Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Medicine Department, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., Segovia JC; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM)), Madrid, Spain.; Centre for Cytometry and Fluorescence Microscopy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain., Zapata AG; Spanish Network of Cell Therapy (TerCel), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Cell Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in cell and developmental biology [Front Cell Dev Biol] 2021 Mar 16; Vol. 9, pp. 650664. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 16 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.3389/fcell.2021.650664
Abstrakt:	Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) currently constitute the most frequently used cell type in advanced therapies with different purposes, most of which are related with inflammatory processes. Although the therapeutic efficacy of these cells has been clearly demonstrated in different disease animal models and in numerous human phase I/II clinical trials, only very few phase III trials using MSCs have demonstrated the expected potential therapeutic benefit. On the other hand, diverse controversial issues on the biology and clinical applications of MSCs, including their specific phenotype, the requirement of an inflammatory environment to induce immunosuppression, the relevance of the cell dose and their administration schedule, the cell delivery route (intravascular/systemic vs. local cell delivery), and the selected cell product (i.e., use of autologous vs. allogeneic MSCs, freshly cultured vs. frozen and thawed MSCs, MSCs vs. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles, etc.) persist. In the current review article, we have addressed these issues with special emphasis in the new approaches to improve the properties and functional capabilities of MSCs after distinct cell bioengineering strategies. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2021 García-Bernal, García-Arranz, Yáñez, Hervás-Salcedo, Cortés, Fernández-García, Hernando-Rodríguez, Quintana-Bustamante, Bueren, García-Olmo, Moraleda, Segovia and Zapata.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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