| Autor: |
Linnakoski R; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland., Sutela S; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland., Coetzee MPA; Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa., Duong TA; Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa., Pavlov IN; Laboratory of Reforestation, Mycology and Plant Pathology, V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.; Department of Chemical Technology of Wood and Biotechnology, Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russia., Litovka YA; Laboratory of Reforestation, Mycology and Plant Pathology, V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.; Department of Chemical Technology of Wood and Biotechnology, Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russia., Hantula J; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland., Wingfield BD; Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa., Vainio EJ; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland. eeva.vainio@luke.fi. |
| Abstrakt: |
Species of Armillaria are distributed globally and include some of the most important pathogens of forest and ornamental trees. Some of them form large long-living clones that are considered as one of the largest organisms on earth and are capable of long-range spore-mediated transfer as well as vegetative spread by drought-resistant hyphal cords called rhizomorphs. However, the virus community infecting these species has remained unknown. In this study we used dsRNA screening and high-throughput sequencing to search for possible virus infections in a collection of Armillaria isolates representing three different species: Armillaria mellea from South Africa, A. borealis from Finland and Russia (Siberia) and A. cepistipes from Finland. Our analysis revealed the presence of both negative-sense RNA viruses and positive-sense RNA viruses, while no dsRNA viruses were detected. The viruses included putative new members of virus families Mymonaviridae, Botourmiaviridae and Virgaviridae and members of a recently discovered virus group tentatively named "ambiviruses" with ambisense bicistronic genomic organization. We demonstrated that Armillaria isolates can be cured of viruses by thermal treatment, which enables the examination of virus effects on host growth and phenotype using isogenic virus-infected and virus-free strains. |
