Nuclear receptors and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
| Autor: | Baldassarro VA; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: vito.baldassarro2@unibo.it., Flagelli A; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Sannia M; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Calzà L; Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute, Imola, Bologna, Italy; IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Vitamins and hormones [Vitam Horm] 2021; Vol. 116, pp. 389-407. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 09. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/bs.vh.2021.02.002 |
| Abstrakt: | Oligodendrocytes are the cells responsible for myelin formation during development and in adulthood, both for normal myelin turnover and myelin repair. These highly specialized cells derive from the oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), through a complex differentiation process involving genetic and epigenetic regulation mechanisms, which switch the phenotype from a migratory and replicative precursor to a mature post-mitotic cell. The process is regulated by a plethora of molecules, involving neurotransmitters, growth factors, hormones and other small molecules, and is mainly driven by nuclear receptors (NRs). NRs are transcription factors with heterogeneous ligand-dependent and independent actions which differ for the cell target, the responsive gene and the formation of NR homo- or heterodimers. This chapter highlights the role of NRs in regulating OPC differentiation, also in view of drug discovery strategies aimed at targeting pathological conditions which interfere with both developmental myelination and remyelination in adulthood. (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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