Comparative Study of Free-Roaming Domestic Dog Management and Roaming Behavior Across Four Countries: Chad, Guatemala, Indonesia, and Uganda.

Autor:	Warembourg C; Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Wera E; Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic (Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang), West Timor, Indonesia., Odoch T; College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Bulu PM; Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic (Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang), West Timor, Indonesia., Berger-González M; Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala.; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland., Alvarez D; Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala., Abakar MF; Institut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Développement, N'Djamena, Chad., Maximiano Sousa F; Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Cunha Silva L; Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal., Alobo G; Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic (Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang), West Timor, Indonesia., Bal VD; College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., López Hernandez AL; Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala., Madaye E; College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Meo MS; Animal Health Division, Agricultural Department of Sikka Regency, Flores, Indonesia., Naminou A; College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Roquel P; Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala., Hartnack S; Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Dürr S; Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in veterinary science [Front Vet Sci] 2021 Mar 04; Vol. 8, pp. 617900. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 04 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.3389/fvets.2021.617900
Abstrakt:	Dogs play a major role in public health because of potential transmission of zoonotic diseases, such as rabies. Dog roaming behavior has been studied worldwide, including countries in Asia, Latin America, and Oceania, while studies on dog roaming behavior are lacking in Africa. Many of those studies investigated potential drivers for roaming, which could be used to refine disease control measures. However, it appears that results are often contradictory between countries, which could be caused by differences in study design or the influence of context-specific factors. Comparative studies on dog roaming behavior are needed to better understand domestic dog roaming behavior and address these discrepancies. The aim of this study was to investigate dog demography, management, and roaming behavior across four countries: Chad, Guatemala, Indonesia, and Uganda. We equipped 773 dogs with georeferenced contact sensors (106 in Chad, 303 in Guatemala, 217 in Indonesia, and 149 in Uganda) and interviewed the owners to collect information about the dog [e.g., sex, age, body condition score (BCS)] and its management (e.g., role of the dog, origin of the dog, owner-mediated transportation, confinement, vaccination, and feeding practices). Dog home range was computed using the biased random bridge method, and the core and extended home range sizes were considered. Using an AIC-based approach to select variables, country-specific linear models were developed to identify potential predictors for roaming. We highlighted similarities and differences in term of demography, dog management, and roaming behavior between countries. The median of the core home range size was 0.30 ha (95% range: 0.17-0.92 ha) in Chad, 0.33 ha (0.17-1.1 ha) in Guatemala, 0.30 ha (0.20-0.61 ha) in Indonesia, and 0.25 ha (0.15-0.72 ha) in Uganda. The median of the extended home range size was 7.7 ha (95% range: 1.1-103 ha) in Chad, 5.7 ha (1.5-27.5 ha) in Guatemala, 5.6 ha (1.6-26.5 ha) in Indonesia, and 5.7 ha (1.3-19.1 ha) in Uganda. Factors having a significant impact on the home range size in some of the countries included being male dog (positively), being younger than one year (negatively), being older than 6 years (negatively), having a low or a high BCS (negatively), being a hunting dog (positively), being a shepherd dog (positively), and time when the dog was not supervised or restricted (positively). However, the same outcome could have an impact in a country and no impact in another. We suggest that dog roaming behavior is complex and is closely related to the owner's socioeconomic context and transportation habits and the local environment. Free-roaming domestic dogs are not completely under human control but, contrary to wildlife, they strongly depend upon humans. This particular dog-human bound has to be better understood to explain their behavior and deal with free-roaming domestic dogs related issues. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2021 Warembourg, Wera, Odoch, Bulu, Berger-González, Alvarez, Abakar, Maximiano Sousa, Cunha Silva, Alobo, Bal, López Hernandez, Madaye, Meo, Naminou, Roquel, Hartnack and Dürr.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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