| Autor: |
Fattinger SA; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Geiser P; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Samperio Ventayol P; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Di Martino ML; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Furter M; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Felmy B; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Bakkeren E; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Hausmann A; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Barthel-Scherrer M; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Gül E; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Hardt WD; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. hardt@micro.biol.ethz.ch., Sellin ME; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. mikael.sellin@imbim.uu.se.; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. mikael.sellin@imbim.uu.se. |
| Abstrakt: |
The gut epithelium is a critical protective barrier. Its NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome senses infection by Gram-negative bacteria, including Salmonella Typhimurium (S.Tm) and promotes expulsion of infected enterocytes. During the first ~12-24 h, this reduces mucosal S.Tm loads at the price of moderate enteropathy. It remained unknown how this NAIP/NLRC4-dependent tradeoff would develop during subsequent infection stages. In NAIP/NLRC4-deficient mice, S.Tm elicited severe enteropathy within 72 h, characterized by elevated mucosal TNF (>20 pg/mg) production from bone marrow-derived cells, reduced regeneration, excessive enterocyte loss, and a collapse of the epithelial barrier. TNF-depleting antibodies prevented this destructive pathology. In hosts proficient for epithelial NAIP/NLRC4, a heterogeneous enterocyte death response with both apoptotic and pyroptotic features kept S.Tm loads persistently in check, thereby preventing this dire outcome altogether. Our results demonstrate that immediate and selective removal of infected enterocytes, by locally acting epithelium-autonomous NAIP/NLRC4, is required to avoid a TNF-driven inflammatory hyper-reaction that otherwise destroys the epithelial barrier. |
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