Incidence, household transmission, and neutralizing antibody seroprevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Egypt: Results of a community-based cohort.

Autor: Gomaa MR; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., El Rifay AS; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Shehata M; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Kandeil A; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Nabil Kamel M; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Marouf MA; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., GabAllah M; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., El Taweel A; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Kayed AE; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Kutkat O; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Moatasim Y; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Mahmoud SH; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Abo Shama NM; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., El Sayes M; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., Mostafa A; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., El-Shesheny R; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt., McKenzie PP; Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America., Webby RJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America., Kayali G; Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States of America.; Human Link, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Ali MA; Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS pathogens [PLoS Pathog] 2021 Mar 11; Vol. 17 (3), pp. e1009413. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 11 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009413
Abstrakt: SARS-CoV-2 virus is transmitted in closed settings to people in contact with COVID-19 patients such as healthcare workers and household contacts. However, household person-to-person transmission studies are limited. Households participating in an ongoing cohort study of influenza incidence and prevalence in rural Egypt were followed. Baseline enrollment was done from August 2015 to March 2017. The study protocol was amended in April 2020 to allow COVID-19 incidence and seroprevalence studies. A total of 290 households including 1598 participants were enrolled and followed from April to October 2020 in four study sites. When a participant showed respiratory illness symptoms, a serum sample and a nasal and an oropharyngeal swab were obtained. Swabs were tested by RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 infection. If positive, the subject was followed and swabs collected on days three, six, nine, and 14 after the first swab day and a serum sample obtained on day 14. All subjects residing with the index case were swabbed following the same sampling schedule. Sera were collected from cohort participants in October 2020 to assess seroprevalence. Swabs were tested by RT-PCR. Sera were tested by Microneutralization Assay to measure the neutralizing antibody titer. Incidence of COVID-19, household secondary attack rate, and seroprevalence in the cohort were determined. The incidence of COVID-19 was 6.9% and the household secondary attack rate was 89.8%. Transmission within households occurred within two-days of confirming the index case. Infections were asymptomatic or mild with symptoms resolving within 10 days. The majority developed a neutralizing antibody titer by day 14 post onset. The overall seroprevalence among cohort participants was 34.8%. These results suggest that within-household transmission is high in Egypt. Asymptomatic or mild illness is common. Most infections seroconvert and have a durable neutralizing antibody titer.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE