Technical control of nanoparticle emissions from desktop 3D printing.
| Autor: | Viitanen AK; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland., Kallonen K; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Kukko K; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland., Kanerva T; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland., Saukko E; Pegasor Oy, Tampere, Finland., Hussein T; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Physics, School of Science, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan., Hämeri K; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Säämänen A; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Indoor air [Indoor Air] 2021 Jul; Vol. 31 (4), pp. 1061-1071. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 01. |
| DOI: | 10.1111/ina.12791 |
| Abstrakt: | Material extrusion (ME) desktop 3D printing is known to strongly emit nanoparticles (NP), and the need for risk management has been recognized widely. Four different engineering control measures were studied in real-life office conditions by means of online NP measurements and indoor aerosol modeling. The studied engineering control measures were general ventilation, local exhaust ventilation (LEV), retrofitted enclosure, and retrofitted enclosure with LEV. Efficiency between different control measures was compared based on particle number and surface area (SA) concentrations from which SA concentration was found to be more reliable. The study found out that for regular or long-time use of ME desktop 3D printers, the general ventilation is not sufficient control measure for NP emissions. Also, the LEV with canopy hood attached above the 3D printer did not control the emission remarkably and successful position of the hood in relation to the nozzle was found challenging. Retrofitted enclosure attached to the LEV reduced the NP emissions 96% based on SA concentration. Retrofitted enclosure is nearly as efficient as enclosure attached to the LEV (reduction of 89% based on SA concentration) but may be considered more practical solution than enclosure with LEV. (© 2021 The Authors. Indoor Air published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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