The impact of ivermectin on onchocerciasis in villages co-endemic for lymphatic filariasis in an area of onchocerciasis recrudescence in Burkina Faso.

Autor: Nikièma AS; Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso., Koala L; Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso., Sondo AK; Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph ki-Zerbo, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Post RJ; Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.; School of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom., Paré AB; Ministère de la Santé, Direction de la Protection de la Santé de la Population, Programme National lutte contre les Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Kafando CM; Ministère de la Santé, Direction de la Protection de la Santé de la Population, Programme National lutte contre les Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Kambiré RS; Ministère de la Santé, Direction de la Protection de la Santé de la Population, Programme National lutte contre les Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Sow B; Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso., Bougouma C; Ministère de la Santé, Direction de la Protection de la Santé de la Population, Programme National lutte contre les Maladies Tropicales Négligées, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Dabiré RK; Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso., Traoré S; Medical Entomologist (Freelance), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2021 Mar 01; Vol. 15 (3), pp. e0009117. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 01 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009117
Abstrakt: In Burkina Faso, onchocerciasis was no longer a public health problem when the WHO Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa closed at the end in 2002. However, epidemiological surveillance carried out from November 2010 to February of 2011, showed a recrudescence of infection in the Cascades Region. This finding was made at a time when ivermectin, a drug recommended for the treatment of both onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis, had been distributed in this area since 2004 for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis. It was surprising that ivermectin distributed for treating lymphatic filariasis had not prevented the recrudescence of onchocerciasis. Faced with this situation, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ivermectin on the onchocerciasis parasite. The percentage reduction in microfilarial load after treatment with ivermectin was used as a proxy measure for assessing possible resistance. A cohort study was carried out with 130 individuals who had tested positive for microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus in 2010 using microscopic examination of skin-snip biopsies from five endemic villages. Subjects were followed from July 2011 to June 2012. The microfilarial load of each individual was enumerated by skin-snip biopsy in 2010, prior to the first ivermectin treatment against onchocerciasis under community guidelines. All individuals received two ivermectin treatments six months apart. In 2012, the microfilarial loads were determined again, six months after the second round of ivermectin and the reductions in parasite loads were calculated to measure the impact of the drug. The percentage reduction of the microfilarial loads ranged from 87% to 98% in the villages. In all villages, there was a statistically significant difference between the average microfilarial loads in 2010 and 2012. The level of reduction of microfilarial loads suggests that ivermectin is effective against the recrudescent population of O. volvulus in Cascades Region of Burkina Faso. Further investigations would be necessary to determine the causes of the recrudescence of onchocerciasis. (For French language abstract, see S1 Alternative Language Abstract-Translation of the Abstract into French by the authors.).
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Author Roger Kambire was unable to confirm his authorship contributions. On his behalf, the corresponding author has reported his contributions to the best of his knowledge.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: