Mechanisms of Antibiotic Failure During Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis.

Autor:	Gimza BD; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States., Cassat JE; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.; Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.; Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation (VI4), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2021 Feb 12; Vol. 12, pp. 638085. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 12 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2021.638085
Abstrakt:	Staphylococcus aureus is a highly successful Gram-positive pathogen capable of causing both superficial and invasive, life-threatening diseases. Of the invasive disease manifestations, osteomyelitis or infection of bone, is one of the most prevalent, with S. aureus serving as the most common etiologic agent. Treatment of osteomyelitis is arduous, and is made more difficult by the widespread emergence of antimicrobial resistant strains, the capacity of staphylococci to exhibit tolerance to antibiotics despite originating from a genetically susceptible background, and the significant bone remodeling and destruction that accompanies infection. As a result, there is a need for a better understanding of the factors that lead to antibiotic failure in invasive staphylococcal infections such as osteomyelitis. In this review article, we discuss the different non-resistance mechanisms of antibiotic failure in S. aureus . We focus on how bacterial niche and destructive tissue remodeling impact antibiotic efficacy, the significance of biofilm formation in promoting antibiotic tolerance and persister cell formation, metabolically quiescent small colony variants (SCVs), and potential antibiotic-protected reservoirs within the substructure of bone. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2021 Gimza and Cassat.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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