Antisaccade error rates and gap effects in psychosis syndromes from bipolar-schizophrenia network for intermediate phenotypes 2 (B-SNIP2).

Autor:	Huang LY; Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA., Jackson BS; Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA., Rodrigue AL; Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Tamminga CA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA., Gershon ES; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Pearlson GD; The Institute of Living, Hartford, CT, USA., Keshavan MS; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Keedy SS; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Hill SK; Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL, USA., Sweeney JA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA., Clementz BA; Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA., McDowell JE; Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Psychological medicine [Psychol Med] 2022 Oct; Vol. 52 (13), pp. 2692-2701. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 24.
DOI:	10.1017/S003329172000478X
Abstrakt:	Background: Antisaccade tasks can be used to index cognitive control processes, e.g. attention, behavioral inhibition, working memory, and goal maintenance in people with brain disorders. Though diagnoses of schizophrenia (SZ), schizoaffective (SAD), and bipolar I with psychosis (BDP) are typically considered to be distinct entities, previous work shows patterns of cognitive deficits differing in degree, rather than in kind, across these syndromes. Methods: Large samples of individuals with psychotic disorders were recruited through the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes 2 (B-SNIP2) study. Anti- and pro-saccade task performances were evaluated in 189 people with SZ, 185 people with SAD, 96 people with BDP, and 279 healthy comparison participants. Logistic functions were fitted to each group's antisaccade speed-performance tradeoff patterns. Results: Psychosis groups had higher antisaccade error rates than the healthy group, with SZ and SAD participants committing 2 times as many errors, and BDP participants committing 1.5 times as many errors. Latencies on correctly performed antisaccade trials in SZ and SAD were longer than in healthy participants, although error trial latencies were preserved. Parameters of speed-performance tradeoff functions indicated that compared to the healthy group, SZ and SAD groups had optimal performance characterized by more errors, as well as less benefit from prolonged response latencies. Prosaccade metrics did not differ between groups. Conclusions: With basic prosaccade mechanisms intact, the higher speed-performance tradeoff cost for antisaccade performance in psychosis cases indicates a deficit that is specific to the higher-order cognitive aspects of saccade generation.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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