Indigenous Systems of Management for Culturally and Ecologically Resilient Pacific Salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.) Fisheries.

Autor: Atlas WI; Pacific Salmon Foundation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.; Wild Salmon Center, in Portland, Oregon., Ban NC; School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada., Moore JW; Earth2Ocean Group, Biological Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada., Tuohy AM; Wild Fish Conservancy, Duvall, Washington, Spencer Greening is affiliated with the Faculty of Environment, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and with the Gitga'at First Nation, both in British Columbia, Canada., Greening S; Pacific Salmon Foundation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Reid AJ; Department of Biology and the Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and with the Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Nisga'a Nation, British Columbia, Canada., Morven N; Nisga'a Nation, British Columbia, Canada., White E; Central Coast Archaeology, Bella Bella, British Columbia, Canada.; Heiltsuk Nation., Housty WG; Heiltsuk Integrated Resource Management Department, Bella Bella, British Columbia, Canada.; Heiltsuk Nation., Housty JA; QQs Projects Society, Bella Bella, British Columbia, Canada.; Heiltsuk Nation., Service CN; Kitasoo and Xai'xais First Nations, Klemtu, British Columbia, Canada., Greba L; Kitasoo and Xai'xais First Nations, Klemtu, British Columbia, Canada., Harrison S; Kitasoo and Xai'xais First Nations, Klemtu, British Columbia, Canada., Sharpe C; Lax Kw'alaams Fisheries, Prince Rupert, British Columbia., Butts KIR; Lax Kw'alaams Fisheries, Prince Rupert, British Columbia., Shepert WM; Lax Kw'alaams Fisheries, Prince Rupert, British Columbia., Sweeney-Bergen E; Lake Babine Nation Fisheries, Burns Lake, British Columbia, Canada., Macintyre D; Lake Babine Nation Fisheries, Burns Lake, British Columbia, Canada., Sloat MR; Wild Salmon Center, in Portland, Oregon., Connors K; Pacific Salmon Foundation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Bioscience [Bioscience] 2020 Dec 09; Vol. 71 (2), pp. 186-204. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 09 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa144
Abstrakt: Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are at the center of social-ecological systems that have supported Indigenous peoples around the North Pacific Rim since time immemorial. Through generations of interdependence with salmon, Indigenous Peoples developed sophisticated systems of management involving cultural and spiritual beliefs, and stewardship practices. Colonization radically altered these social-ecological systems, disrupting Indigenous management, consolidating authority within colonial governments, and moving most harvest into mixed-stock fisheries. We review Indigenous management of salmon, including selective fishing technologies, harvest practices, and governance grounded in multigenerational place-based knowledge. These systems and practices showcase pathways for sustained productivity and resilience in contemporary salmon fisheries. Contrasting Indigenous systems with contemporary management, we document vulnerabilities of colonial governance and harvest management that have contributed to declining salmon fisheries in many locations. We suggest that revitalizing traditional systems of salmon management can improve prospects for sustainable fisheries and healthy fishing communities and identify opportunities for their resurgence.
(© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Institute of Biological Sciences.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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