The clinical relevance of gray matter atrophy and microstructural brain changes across the psychosis continuum.

Autor: Hanlon FM; The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA., Dodd AB; The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA., Ling JM; The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA., Shaff NA; The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA., Stephenson DD; The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA., Bustillo JR; Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA., Stromberg SF; Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Clinical Program, Presbyterian Healthcare System, Albuquerque, NM 87112, USA., Lin DS; Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA., Ryman SG; The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA., Mayer AR; The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. Electronic address: amayer@mrn.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Schizophrenia research [Schizophr Res] 2021 Mar; Vol. 229, pp. 12-21. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 17.
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.01.016
Abstrakt: Patients with psychotic spectrum disorders (PSD) exhibit similar patterns of atrophy and microstructural changes that may be associated with common symptomatology (e.g., symptom burden and/or cognitive impairment). Gray matter concentration values (proxy for atrophy), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), intracellular neurite density (V ic ) and isotropic diffusion volume (V iso ) measures were therefore compared in 150 PSD (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder Type I) and 63 healthy controls (HC). Additional analyses evaluated whether regions showing atrophy and/or microstructure abnormalities were better explained by DSM diagnoses, symptom burden or cognitive dysfunction. PSD exhibited increased atrophy within bilateral medial temporal lobes and subcortical structures. Gray matter along the left lateral sulcus showed evidence of increased atrophy and MD. Increased MD was also observed in homotopic fronto-temporal regions, suggesting it may serve as a precursor to atrophic changes. Global cognitive dysfunction, rather than DSM diagnoses or psychotic symptom burden, was the best predictor of increased gray matter MD. Regions of decreased FA (i.e., left frontal gray and white matter) and V ic (i.e., frontal and temporal regions and along central sulcus) were also observed for PSD, but were neither spatially concurrent with atrophic regions nor associated with clinical symptoms. Evidence of expanding microstructural spaces in gray matter demonstrated the greatest spatial overlap with current and potentially future regions of atrophy, and was associated with cognitive deficits. These results suggest that this particular structural abnormality could potentially underlie global cognitive impairment that spans traditional diagnostic categories.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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