Does birth weight affect neonatal body weight, growth, and physiology in an animal model?

Autor: Adjerid K; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States of America., Mayerl CJ; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States of America., Gould FDH; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, United States of America., Edmonds CE; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States of America., Stricklen BM; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States of America., Bond LE; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States of America., German RZ; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2021 Feb 16; Vol. 16 (2), pp. e0246954. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 16 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246954
Abstrakt: Infant birth weight affects neuromotor and biomechanical swallowing performance in infant pig models. Preterm infants are generally born low birth weight and suffer from delayed development and neuromotor deficits. These deficits include critical life skills such as swallowing and breathing. It is unclear whether these neuromotor and biomechanical deficits are a result of low birth weight or preterm birth. In this study we ask: are preterm infants simply low birth weight infants or do preterm infants differ from term infants in weight gain and swallowing behaviors independent of birth weight? We use a validated infant pig model to show that preterm and term infants gain weight differently and that birth weight is not a strong predictor of functional deficits in preterm infant swallowing. We found that preterm infants gained weight at a faster rate than term infants and with nearly three times the variation. Additionally, we found that the number of sucks per swallow, swallow duration, and the delay of the swallows relative to the suck cycles were not impacted by birth weight. These results suggest that any correlation of developmental or swallowing deficits with reduced birth weight are likely linked to underlying physiological immaturity of the preterm infant.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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