Sexual Dimorphism through the Lens of Genome Manipulation, Forward Genetics, and Spatiotemporal Sequencing.

Autor: Kasimatis KR; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, USA., Sánchez-Ramírez S; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, USA., Stevenson ZC; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Genome biology and evolution [Genome Biol Evol] 2021 Feb 03; Vol. 13 (2).
DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa243
Abstrakt: Sexual reproduction often leads to selection that favors the evolution of sex-limited traits or sex-specific variation for shared traits. These sexual dimorphisms manifest due to sex-specific genetic architectures and sex-biased gene expression across development, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying these patterns are largely unknown. The first step is to understand how sexual dimorphisms arise across the genotype-phenotype-fitness map. The emergence of "4D genome technologies" allows for efficient, high-throughput, and cost-effective manipulation and observations of this process. Studies of sexual dimorphism will benefit from combining these technological advances (e.g., precision genome editing, inducible transgenic systems, and single-cell RNA sequencing) with clever experiments inspired by classic designs (e.g., bulked segregant analysis, experimental evolution, and pedigree tracing). This perspective poses a synthetic view of how manipulative approaches coupled with cutting-edge observational methods and evolutionary theory are poised to uncover the molecular genetic basis of sexual dimorphism with unprecedented resolution. We outline hypothesis-driven experimental paradigms for identifying genetic mechanisms of sexual dimorphism among tissues, across development, and over evolutionary time.
(© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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