Advances in microfluidic in vitro systems for neurological disease modeling.

Autor: Holloway PM; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Willaime-Morawek S; Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK., Siow R; King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK., Barber M; King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK., Owens RM; Department Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Sharma AD; New Orleans BioInnovation Center, AxoSim Inc., New Orleans, LA, USA., Rowan W; Novel Human Genetics Research Unit, GSK R&D, Stevenage, UK., Hill E; School of Life and Health sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK., Zagnoni M; Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of neuroscience research [J Neurosci Res] 2021 May; Vol. 99 (5), pp. 1276-1307. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 13.
DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24794
Abstrakt: Neurological disorders are the leading cause of disability and the second largest cause of death worldwide. Despite significant research efforts, neurology remains one of the most failure-prone areas of drug development. The complexity of the human brain, boundaries to examining the brain directly in vivo, and the significant evolutionary gap between animal models and humans, all serve to hamper translational success. Recent advances in microfluidic in vitro models have provided new opportunities to study human cells with enhanced physiological relevance. The ability to precisely micro-engineer cell-scale architecture, tailoring form and function, has allowed for detailed dissection of cell biology using microphysiological systems (MPS) of varying complexities from single cell systems to "Organ-on-chip" models. Simplified neuronal networks have allowed for unique insights into neuronal transport and neurogenesis, while more complex 3D heterotypic cellular models such as neurovascular unit mimetics and "Organ-on-chip" systems have enabled new understanding of metabolic coupling and blood-brain barrier transport. These systems are now being developed beyond MPS toward disease specific micro-pathophysiological systems, moving from "Organ-on-chip" to "Disease-on-chip." This review gives an outline of current state of the art in microfluidic technologies for neurological disease research, discussing the challenges and limitations while highlighting the benefits and potential of integrating technologies. We provide examples of where such toolsets have enabled novel insights and how these technologies may empower future investigation into neurological diseases.
(© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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