Food environment intervention improves food knowledge, wellbeing and dietary habits in primary school children: Project Daire, a randomised-controlled, factorial design cluster trial.

Autor: Brennan SF; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK. sarah.brennan@qub.ac.uk.; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK. sarah.brennan@qub.ac.uk., Lavelle F; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK., Moore SE; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK., Dean M; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK., McKinley MC; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK.; Centre for Evidence and Social Innovation, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK., McCole P; Queen's Management School, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5EE, UK., Hunter RF; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK., Dunne L; Centre for Evidence and Social Innovation, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK., O'Connell NE; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK., Cardwell CR; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK., Elliott CT; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK., McCarthy D; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK., Woodside JV; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK.; Centre for Evidence and Social Innovation, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity [Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act] 2021 Feb 04; Vol. 18 (1), pp. 23. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 04.
DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01086-y
Abstrakt: Background: Evidence suggests that dietary intake of UK children is suboptimal. As schools provide an ideal natural environment for public health interventions, effective and sustainable methods of improving food knowledge and dietary habits in this population must be identified. Project Daire aimed to improve children's health-related quality of life, wellbeing, food knowledge and dietary habits via two multi-component interventions.
Methods: Daire was a randomised-controlled, factorial design trial evaluating two interventions across four arms. Primary schools in Northern Ireland were randomised to one of four 6-month intervention arms: i) 'Nourish', ii) 'Engage', iii) 'Nourish' and 'Engage' and iv) Control (Delayed). 'Nourish' was an intervention aiming to alter the whole-school food environment, provide food-related experiences and exposure to locally produced foods. 'Engage' was an age-appropriate, cross-curricular educational intervention on food, agriculture, nutrition science and related careers. Primary outcomes were emotional and behavioural wellbeing and health-related quality of life. A number of secondary outcomes, including dietary intake, cooking competence and food-related knowledge, were also measured.
Results: Fifteen schools from areas of varying socio-economic status participated in the randomised trial. A total of 903 (n = 445 aged 6-7 years and n = 458 aged 10-11 years) primary school pupils took part. Total Difficulties Score improved in all pupils (6-7 and 10-11 year old pupils) who received the 'Nourish' intervention compared with those that did not (adjusted difference in mean = - 0.82; 95% CI -1.46, - 0.17; P < 0.02). No statistically significant difference in Health-Related Quality of Life was observed. The 'Nourish' intervention also produced some changes in school-based dietary behaviour, which were most apparent in the 10-11 year old pupils. The 'Nourish' intervention also produced improvements in understanding of food labels (adjusted difference in mean = 0.15; 95% CI 0.05, 0.25; P < 0.01) and knowledge of vegetables in season (adjusted difference in mean = 0.29; 95% CI 0.01,0.56; P = 0.04) whilst an increased willingness to try new foods and improved perceived cooking competence was also observed.
Conclusions: Improvements in childhood emotional and behavioural wellbeing, dietary intake, knowledge about food, cooking skills and willingness to try new foods were associated with the 'Nourish' whole-school food environment intervention. Exploration of the sustainability and long-term effectiveness of such whole-school food interventions should be conducted.
Trial Registration: National Institute of Health (NIH) U.S. National Library of Medicine Clinical Trials.gov (ID: NCT04277312 ).
Databáze: MEDLINE
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