Stress Reactivity to the Trier Social Stress Test in Traditional and Virtual Environments: A Meta-Analytic Comparison.
| Autor: | Helminen EC; From the Departments of Psychology (Helminen, Morton, Felver) and Higher Education (Wang), Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York., Morton ML, Wang Q, Felver JC |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Psychosomatic medicine [Psychosom Med] 2021 Apr 01; Vol. 83 (3), pp. 200-211. |
| DOI: | 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000918 |
| Abstrakt: | Objective: The traditional Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) is a widely used standardized stress induction protocol and has recently been adapted in a variety of virtual reality environments (V-TSST). Research has demonstrated the ability of the V-TSST to induce a stress reactivity response measured via cortisol, heart rate, and self-report. However, research comparing stress reactivity induced via the V-TSST to the traditional TSST across neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and self-report variables has not yet been systematically and quantitatively reviewed. Methods: In this meta-analytic review, the existing studies that used V-TSST were gathered, and each was age and sex matched with samples using the traditional TSST. These studies were then meta-analytically synthesized to determine if there was a moderating effect of TSST type (traditional TSST or V-TSST) on multiple measures of stress reactivity (i.e., cortisol, heart rate, and self-report). Results: Examining the pre-post stress induction, the V-TSST studies demonstrated comparable effect sizes (ESs) for stress reactivity (cortisol ES = 0.61, heart rate ES = 0.98, self-reported stress ES = 0.94) to traditional TSST study ESs (cortisol ES = 0.79, heart rate ES = 0.85, self-reported stress ES = 0.85). Conclusions: The TSST type differences between ESs were not statistically significant, indicating that the V-TSST is as effective as the traditional TSST at eliciting a physiological and self-reported stress reactivity response. Implications and limitations of this meta-analysis are discussed, and recommendations for future research are provided. (Copyright © 2021 by the American Psychosomatic Society.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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