Bipolar disorder and the gut microbiome: A systematic review.

Autor:	Sublette ME; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA., Cheung S; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; Division of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA., Lieberman E; Department of Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA., Hu S; Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China., Mann JJ; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Radiology, Columbia University, NY, NY, USA., Uhlemann AC; Department of Medicine, Microbiome & Pathogen Genomics Core, Division of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA., Miller JM; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Bipolar disorders [Bipolar Disord] 2021 Sep; Vol. 23 (6), pp. 544-564. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 01.
DOI:	10.1111/bdi.13049
Abstrakt:	Objectives: The microbiome is a rapidly advancing biomedical frontier with relevance for psychiatric illness. The gut microbiota interact with the central nervous system bidirectionally through the gut-brain axis and generate substances that may influence host metabolism, including short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate. Understanding gut microbiota in bipolar disorder (BD) may suggest new disease markers and treatment approaches. Methods: A PubMed search was performed on January 7, 2020 using terms "bipolar AND (microbiome OR microbiota)", for articles in English in which the study population included a distinct BD group and the gut microbiota/microbiome was assessed. Results: Thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria. In four of five studies that reported on group comparisons with respect to diversity, lower α-diversity was observed in BD relative to healthy controls (HC). The most convergent taxonomic finding was that in four studies, one particular clade distinguished gut microbiota between BD and HC: family Ruminococcaceae, genus Faecalibacterium, and species Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Members of this clade, known for butyrate production, were reduced in BD relative to HC in three studies but elevated in a fourth. Additionally, genera Bacteroides or Bacteroides-Prevotella group species were elevated in BD in two studies but lower in a third. Conclusions: Despite few studies and modest sample sizes, salient findings suggest that low α-diversity and dysbiosis with respect to abundance of Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides may characterize BD in both a trait and state-dependent fashion. Decreased richness and butyrate production also foster inflammation, which may be a hitherto unrecognized part of the pathophysiology underlying BD. (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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