Indoor transmission dynamics of expired SARS-CoV-2 virus in a model African hospital ward.

Autor: Adeniran JA; Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.; Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China., Mohammed IA; Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Muniru OI; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Oloyede T; Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, Katsina State Nigeria., Sonibare OO; Department of Family Medicine, General Out Patient Department, Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun State Nigeria., Yusuf MO; Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Abdulraheem KA; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Odediran ET; Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Yusuf RO; Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Sonibare JA; Environmental Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of environmental health science & engineering [J Environ Health Sci Eng] 2021 Jan 22; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 331-341. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 22 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00606-5
Abstrakt: Cough and sneeze droplets' interactions with indoor air of a typical hospital clinic that could be majorly found in developing African countries were studied to investigate the effectiveness of existing guidelines/protocols being adopted in the control of the widespread coronavirus disease (COVID-19) transmission. The influences of indoor air velocity, the type, size distribution, residence time in air, and trajectory of the droplets, were all considered while interrogating the effectiveness of physical distancing measures, the use of face covers, cautionary activities of the general public, and the plausibility of community spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through airborne transmission. Series of 3-D, coupled, discrete phase models (DPM) were implemented in the numerical studies. Based on DPM concentration maps as function of particle positions and particle residence times that were observed under different droplets release conditions, the virus-laden droplets could travel several meters away from the source of release (index patient), with smaller-sized particles staying longer in the air. The behavior of indoor air was also found to indicate complex dynamics as particle transports showed no linear dependence on air velocity.
Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-020-00606-5.
Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest/Competing interest The authors confirm no conflict of interest associated with this publication.
(© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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