Anomalous influenza seasonality in the United States and the emergence of novel influenza B viruses.

Autor:	Borchering RK; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; rebecca.borchering@gmail.com.; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602., Gunning CE; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602., Gokhale DV; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602., Weedop KB; Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602., Saeidpour A; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602., Brett TS; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602., Rohani P; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.; Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2021 Feb 02; Vol. 118 (5).
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2012327118
Abstrakt:	The 2019/2020 influenza season in the United States began earlier than any season since the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, with an increase in influenza-like illnesses observed as early as August. Also noteworthy was the numerical domination of influenza B cases early in this influenza season, in contrast to their typically later peak in the past. Here, we dissect the 2019/2020 influenza season not only with regard to its unusually early activity, but also with regard to the relative dynamics of type A and type B cases. We propose that the recent expansion of a novel influenza B/Victoria clade may be associated with this shift in the composition and kinetics of the influenza season in the United States. We use epidemiological transmission models to explore whether changes in the effective reproduction number or short-term cross-immunity between these viruses can explain the dynamics of influenza A and B seasonality. We find support for an increase in the effective reproduction number of influenza B, rather than support for cross-type immunity-driven dynamics. Our findings have clear implications for optimal vaccination strategies. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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