The Ugly Duckling Turned to Swan: A Change in Perception of Bystander-Activated Memory CD8 T Cells.

Autor: Maurice NJ; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109.; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195., Taber AK; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109., Prlic M; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109; mprlic@fhcrc.org.; Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109; and.; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) [J Immunol] 2021 Feb 01; Vol. 206 (3), pp. 455-462.
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000937
Abstrakt: Memory T cells (T mem ) rapidly mount Ag-specific responses during pathogen reencounter. However, T mem also respond to inflammatory cues in the absence of an activating TCR signal, a phenomenon termed bystander activation. Although bystander activation was first described over 20 years ago, the physiological relevance and the consequences of T cell bystander activation have only become more evident in recent years. In this review, we discuss the scenarios that trigger CD8 T mem bystander activation including acute and chronic infections that are either systemic or localized, as well as evidence for bystander CD8 T mem within tumors and following vaccination. We summarize the possible consequences of bystander activation for the T cell itself, the subsequent immune response, and the host. We highlight when T cell bystander activation appears to benefit or harm the host and briefly discuss our current knowledge gaps regarding regulatory signals that can control bystander activation.
(Copyright © 2021 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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