Factors Associated With Violence Against Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression of Nationally Representative Data.

Autor:	Cerna-Turoff I; Department of Global Health and Development, 4906London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom., Fang Z; Department of Social Policy and Intervention, 6396University of Oxford, United Kingdom., Meierkord A; 12211Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom., Wu Z; Department of Applied Psychology, 5894New York University, USA., Yanguela J; Department of Social Policy and Intervention, 6396University of Oxford, United Kingdom., Bangirana CA; AfriChild Centre, 308367College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Meinck F; School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Trauma, violence & abuse [Trauma Violence Abuse] 2021 Apr; Vol. 22 (2), pp. 219-232. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 19.
DOI:	10.1177/1524838020985532
Abstrakt:	Background: This systematic review and meta-regression sought to identify the relative importance of factors associated with physical, emotional, and sexual violence against children in low- and middle-income countries. Understanding of factors associated with violence is important for targeted programming and prevention on the population level. Methods: We searched 17 electronic databases from 1989 to 2018 and reports from child violence surveys. Nationally representative studies that described evidence on potential factors associated with violence against children under 18 years old were included. The search was restricted to the English language. Factors were synthesized quantitatively using robust variance estimation, with 95% confidence intervals, for each violence type. Results: We identified 8,346 unduplicated studies, and 103 publications met our eligibility criteria. The data distribution was uneven across region, country income status, factors, and violence types. Of the 94 eligible studies quantitatively synthesized, no specific factors were significant for physical violence. Lower household socioeconomic status, being a girl, and primary education of mothers and adults in the household were associated with emotional violence, and being a girl was associated with sexual violence. Conclusion: A broad spectrum of factors merit consideration for physical violence policy and prevention among the general population of children in low- and middle-income countries. Conversely, a tailored approach may be warranted for preventing emotional and sexual violence. Information is unequally distributed across countries, factors, and violence types. Greater emphasis should be placed on collecting representative data on the general population and vulnerable subgroups to achieve national reductions in violence against children.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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