Phylogenomic Discordance in the Eared Seals is best explained by Incomplete Lineage Sorting following Explosive Radiation in the Southern Hemisphere.

Autor: Lopes F; Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.; Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil., Oliveira LR; Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil.; GEMARS, Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul, 95560-000 Torres, RS, Brazil., Kessler A; Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil., Beux Y; Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil., Crespo E; Centro Nacional Patagónico - CENPAT, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina., Cárdenas-Alayza S; Centro para la Sostenibilidad Ambiental, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru., Majluf P; Centro para la Sostenibilidad Ambiental, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru., Sepúlveda M; Centro de Investigación y Gestión de Recursos Naturales (CIGREN), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile., Brownell RL; Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA, La Jolla, USA., Franco-Trecu V; Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay., Páez-Rosas D; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador., Chaves J; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.; Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1800 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, USA., Loch C; Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand., Robertson BC; Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand., Acevedo-Whitehouse K; Unit for Basic and Applied Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico., Elorriaga-Verplancken FR; Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Mexico., Kirkman SP; Department of Environmental Affairs, Oceans and Coasts, Cape Town, South Africa., Peart CR; Department Biologie II, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Münich, Germany., Wolf JBW; Department Biologie II, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Münich, Germany., Bonatto SL; Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Systematic biology [Syst Biol] 2021 Jun 16; Vol. 70 (4), pp. 786-802.
DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syaa099
Abstrakt: The phylogeny and systematics of fur seals and sea lions (Otariidae) have long been studied with diverse data types, including an increasing amount of molecular data. However, only a few phylogenetic relationships have reached acceptance because of strong gene-tree species tree discordance. Divergence times estimates in the group also vary largely between studies. These uncertainties impeded the understanding of the biogeographical history of the group, such as when and how trans-equatorial dispersal and subsequent speciation events occurred. Here, we used high-coverage genome-wide sequencing for 14 of the 15 species of Otariidae to elucidate the phylogeny of the family and its bearing on the taxonomy and biogeographical history. Despite extreme topological discordance among gene trees, we found a fully supported species tree that agrees with the few well-accepted relationships and establishes monophyly of the genus Arctocephalus. Our data support a relatively recent trans-hemispheric dispersal at the base of a southern clade, which rapidly diversified into six major lineages between 3 and 2.5 Ma. Otaria diverged first, followed by Phocarctos and then four major lineages within Arctocephalus. However, we found Zalophus to be nonmonophyletic, with California (Zalophus californianus) and Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) grouping closer than the Galapagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeki) with evidence for introgression between the two genera. Overall, the high degree of genealogical discordance was best explained by incomplete lineage sorting resulting from quasi-simultaneous speciation within the southern clade with introgresssion playing a subordinate role in explaining the incongruence among and within prior phylogenetic studies of the family. [Hybridization; ILS; phylogenomics; Pleistocene; Pliocene; monophyly.].
(© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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