20,000 years of societal vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in southwest Asia.

Autor: Jones MD; School of Geography University of Nottingham Nottingham UK., Abu-Jaber N; Center for the Study of Natural and Cultural Heritage German Jordanian University Amman Jordan., AlShdaifat A; School of Geography University of Nottingham Nottingham UK., Baird D; Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK., Cook BI; NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies New York New York., Cuthbert MO; School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK., Dean JR; School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull Hull UK., Djamali M; Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie (UMR 7263-CNRS/Aix-Marseille Université/IRD/Université d'Avignon) Aix-en Provence France., Eastwood W; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK., Fleitmann D; Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change University of Reading Reading UK., Haywood A; School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK., Kwiecien O; Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics Ruhr-Universität Bochum Bochum Germany., Larsen J; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK., Maher LA; Department of Anthropology University of California Berkeley California., Metcalfe SE; School of Geography University of Nottingham Nottingham UK., Parker A; Department of Social Sciences, Human Origins and Palaeoenvironments Research Group Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK., Petrie CA; Department of Archaeology and Anthropology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK., Primmer N; School of Geography University of Nottingham Nottingham UK., Richter T; Center for the Study of Early Agricultural Societies University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark., Roberts N; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Plymouth University Plymouth UK., Roe J; Institute of Archaeology University College London London UK., Tindall JC; School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK., Ünal-İmer E; Department of Geological Engineering Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey., Weeks L; School of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences University of New England Armidale New South Wales Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: WIREs. Water [WIREs Water] 2019 Mar-Apr; Vol. 6 (2), pp. e1330. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Feb 10.
DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1330
Abstrakt: The Fertile Crescent, its hilly flanks and surrounding drylands has been a critical region for studying how climate has influenced societal change, and this review focuses on the region over the last 20,000 years. The complex social, economic, and environmental landscapes in the region today are not new phenomena and understanding their interactions requires a nuanced, multidisciplinary understanding of the past. This review builds on a history of collaboration between the social and natural palaeoscience disciplines. We provide a multidisciplinary, multiscalar perspective on the relevance of past climate, environmental, and archaeological research in assessing present day vulnerabilities and risks for the populations of southwest Asia. We discuss the complexity of palaeoclimatic data interpretation, particularly in relation to hydrology, and provide an overview of key time periods of palaeoclimatic interest. We discuss the critical role that vegetation plays in the human-climate-environment nexus and discuss the implications of the available palaeoclimate and archaeological data, and their interpretation, for palaeonarratives of the region, both climatically and socially. We also provide an overview of how modelling can improve our understanding of past climate impacts and associated change in risk to societies. We conclude by looking to future work, and identify themes of "scale" and "seasonality" as still requiring further focus. We suggest that by appreciating a given locale's place in the regional hydroscape, be it an archaeological site or palaeoenvironmental archive, more robust links to climate can be made where appropriate and interpretations drawn will demand the resolution of factors acting across multiple scales. This article is categorized under:Human Water > Water as Imagined and RepresentedScience of Water > Water and Environmental ChangeWater and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
(© 2019 The Authors. WIREs Water published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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