Social isolation alters behavior, the gut-immune-brain axis, and neurochemical circuits in male and female prairie voles.

Autor:	Donovan M; Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call St., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, 1700 N. Wheeling St., Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA., Mackey CS; Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Dr., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA., Platt GN; Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call St., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA., Rounds J; Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call St., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA., Brown AN; Department of Biological Science Core Facilities, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Dr., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA., Trickey DJ; Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Dr., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA., Liu Y; Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call St., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA., Jones KM; Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Dr., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA., Wang Z; Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call St., Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Neurobiology of stress [Neurobiol Stress] 2020 Nov 24; Vol. 13, pp. 100278. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Nov 24 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI:	10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100278
Abstrakt:	The absence of social support, or social isolation, can be stressful, leading to a suite of physical and psychological health issues. Growing evidence suggests that disruption of the gut-immune-brain axis plays a crucial role in the negative outcomes seen from social isolation stress. However, the mechanisms remain largely unknown. The socially monogamous prairie vole ( Microtus ochrogaster ) has been validated as a useful model for studying negative effects of social isolation on the brain and behaviors, yet how the gut microbiome and central immune system are altered in isolated prairie voles are still unknown. Here, we utilized this social rodent to examine how social isolation stress alters the gut-immune-brain axis and relevant behaviors. Adult male and female prairie voles (n = 48 per sex) experienced social isolation or were cohoused with a same-sex cagemate (control) for six weeks. Thereafter, their social and anxiety-like behaviors, neuronal circuit activation, neurochemical expression, and microgliosis in key brain regions, as well as gut microbiome alterations from the isolation treatment were examined. Social isolation increased anxiety-like behaviors and impaired social affiliation. Isolation also resulted in sex- and brain region-specific alterations in neuronal activation, neurochemical expression, and microgliosis. Further, social isolation resulted in alterations to the gut microbiome that were correlated with key brain and behavioral measures. Our data suggest that social isolation alters the gut-immune-brain axis in a sex-dependent manner and that gut microbes, central glial cells, and neurochemical systems may play a critical, integrative role in mediating negative outcomes from social isolation. Competing Interests: All authors have no declared conflict of interest and have nothing to disclose. (© 2020 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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