Concurrent validity of the Alcohol Purchase Task for measuring the reinforcing efficacy of alcohol: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autor: Martínez-Loredo V; Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.; Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain., González-Roz A; Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Research Institute on Health Sciences, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.; Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain., Secades-Villa R; Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain., Fernández-Hermida JR; Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain., MacKillop J; Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton/McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Addiction (Abingdon, England) [Addiction] 2021 Oct; Vol. 116 (10), pp. 2635-2650. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 15.
DOI: 10.1111/add.15379
Abstrakt: Background and Aims: An early meta-analysis testing the concurrent validity of the Alcohol Purchase Task (APT), a measure of alcohol's relative reinforcing value, reported mixed associations, but predated a large number of studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to: (1) estimate the relationships between trait-based alcohol demand indices from the APT and multiple alcohol indicators, (2) test several moderators and (3) analyze small study effects.
Methods: A meta-analysis of 50 cross-sectional studies in four databases (n = 18 466, females = 43.32%). Sex, year of publication, number of APT prices and index transformations (logarithmic, square root or none) were considered as moderators. Small study effects were examined by using the Begg-Mazumdar, Egger's and Duval & Tweedie's trim-and-fill tests. Alcohol indicators were quantity of alcohol use, number of heavy drinking episodes, alcohol-related problems and hazardous drinking. APT indices were intensity (i.e. consumption at zero cost), elasticity (i.e. sensitivity to increases in costs), O max (i.e. maximum expenditure), P max (i.e. price associated to O max ) and breakpoint (i.e. price at which consumption ceases).
Results: All alcohol demand indices were significantly associated with all alcohol-related outcomes (r = 0.132-0.494), except P max , which was significantly associated with alcohol-related problems only (r = 0.064) . The greatest associations were evinced between intensity in relation to alcohol use, hazardous drinking and heavy drinking and between O max and alcohol use. All the tested moderators emerged as significant moderators. Evidence of small-study effects was limited.
Conclusions: The Alcohol Purchase Task appears to have concurrent validity in alcohol research. Intensity and O max are the most relevant indices to account for alcohol involvement.
(© 2020 Society for the Study of Addiction.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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