| Autor: |
Amici F; Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Life Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. amici@eva.mpg.de.; Research Group Primate Behavioural Ecology, Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. amici@eva.mpg.de., Widdig A; Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Life Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Research Group Primate Behavioural Ecology, Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., MacIntosh AJJ; Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan., Francés VB; Fundació Universitat de Girona, Innovació I Formació, Girona, Spain., Castellano-Navarro A; Ethology and Animal Welfare Section, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain., Caicoya AL; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Karimullah K; Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Life Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia., Maulany RI; Forestry Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Sulawesi, Indonesia., Ngakan PO; Forestry Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Sulawesi, Indonesia., Hamzah AS; Forestry Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Sulawesi, Indonesia., Majolo B; School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK. |
| Abstrakt: |
Primates live in complex social systems with social structures ranging from more to less despotic. In less despotic species, dominance might impose fewer constraints on social choices, tolerance is greater than in despotic species and subordinates may have little need to include novel food items in the diet (i.e. neophilia), as contest food competition is lower and resources more equally distributed across group members. Here, we used macaques as a model to assess whether different dominance styles predict differences in neophilia and social tolerance over food. We provided familiar and novel food to 4 groups of wild macaques (N = 131) with different dominance styles (Macaca fuscata, M. fascicularis, M. sylvanus, M. maura). Our study revealed inter- and intra-specific differences in individuals' access to food, which only partially reflected the dominance styles of the study subjects. Contrary to our prediction, social tolerance over food was higher in more despotic species than in less despotic species. Individuals with a higher dominance rank and being better socially integrated (i.e. higher Eigenvector centrality) were more likely to retrieve food in all species, regardless of their dominance style. Partially in line with our predictions, less integrated individuals more likely overcame neophobia (as compared to more integrated ones), but only in species with more tolerance over food. Our study suggests that individual characteristics (e.g. social integration or personality) other than dominance rank may have a stronger effect on an individual's access to resources. |
