The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot.

Autor: Harvey MG; Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA. mgh272@gmail.com.; Biodiversity Collections, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA., Bravo GA; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. mgh272@gmail.com.; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.; Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 04263-000 Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Claramunt S; Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario M5S2C6, Canada.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S3B2, Canada.; Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA., Cuervo AM; Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, LA 70118, USA., Derryberry GE; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.; Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA., Battilana J; Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 04263-000 Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Seeholzer GF; Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA.; Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA., McKay JS; Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA., O'Meara BC; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA., Faircloth BC; Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.; Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA., Edwards SV; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA., Pérez-Emán J; Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.; Colección Ornitológica Phelps, Caracas, Venezuela., Moyle RG; Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA., Sheldon FH; Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.; Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA., Aleixo A; Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Zoology, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, CP 399, 66040-170 Belém, PA, Brazil., Smith BT; Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA., Chesser RT; US Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.; National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA., Silveira LF; Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 04263-000 Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Cracraft J; Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA., Brumfield RT; Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.; Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA., Derryberry EP; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, LA 70118, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2020 Dec 11; Vol. 370 (6522), pp. 1343-1348.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6970
Abstrakt: The tropics are the source of most biodiversity yet inadequate sampling obscures answers to fundamental questions about how this diversity evolves. We leveraged samples assembled over decades of fieldwork to study diversification of the largest tropical bird radiation, the suboscine passerines. Our phylogeny, estimated using data from 2389 genomic regions in 1940 individuals of 1283 species, reveals that peak suboscine species diversity in the Neotropics is not associated with high recent speciation rates but rather with the gradual accumulation of species over time. Paradoxically, the highest speciation rates are in lineages from regions with low species diversity, which are generally cold, dry, unstable environments. Our results reveal a model in which species are forming faster in environmental extremes but have accumulated in moderate environments to form tropical biodiversity hotspots.
(Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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