Prevalence, socio-demographic and environmental determinants of asthma in 4621 Ghanaian adults: Evidence from Wave 2 of the World Health Organization's study on global AGEing and adult health.

Autor: Aheto JMK; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Udofia EA; Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Kallson E; Deloitte Consulting, West Africa Deloitte & Touche, Accra, Ghana., Mensah G; Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Nadia M; National Research Council, Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy., Nirmala N; World Health Organization HIS/HIS/MCS, Geneva, Switzerland., Chatterji S; World Health Organization HIS/HIS/MCS, Geneva, Switzerland., Kowal P; World Health Organization HIS/HIS/MCS, Geneva, Switzerland.; University of Newcastle Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing, Newcastle, Australia., Biritwum R; Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Yawson AE; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.; Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2020 Dec 09; Vol. 15 (12), pp. e0243642. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 09 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243642
Abstrakt: Background: A previous multi-site study involving lower- and middle-income countries demonstrated that asthma in older adults is associated with long-term exposure to particulate matter, male gender and smoking. However, variations may occur within individual countries, which are relevant to inform health promoting policies as populations live longer. The present study estimates asthma prevalence and examines the sociodemographic characteristics and environmental determinants associated with asthma in older adults in Ghana.
Methods: This study utilised data from the nationally representative World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Ghana Wave 2. A final sample of 4621 individuals residing in 3970 households was used in analytical modelling. Factors associated with asthma were investigated using single level and multilevel binary logistic regression models.
Results: Asthma was reported by 102 (2.2%) respondents. Factors associated with asthma in the univariate model were: those aged 60-69 (OR = 5.22, 95% CI: 1.24, 21.95) and 70 or more (OR = 5.56, 95% CI: 1.33, 23.26) years, Ga-Adangbe dialect group (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.71), no religion (OR = 3.59, 95% CI: 1.77, 7.28), having moderate (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.75) and bad/very bad (OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.58, 4.80) health state, and severe/extreme difficulty with self-care (OR = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.23, 9.88) and non-flush toilet facility (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.99). Factors independently associated with asthma in the adjusted models were: those aged 60-69 (OR = 4.49, 95% CI: 1.03, 19.55) years, father with primary education or less (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.94), no religion (OR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.18, 5.41), and households with non-flush toilet facility (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.96). Significant residual household-level variation in asthma was observed. Over 40% of variance in asthma episodes could be attributable to residual household-level variations.
Conclusion: Individual as well as household factors were seen to influence the prevalence of asthma in this national survey. Clinical management of these patients in health facilities should consider household factors in addition to individual level factors.
Competing Interests: All authors except Mr Kallson declare that they have no conflict of interest. Though Mr Kallson was working with Deloitte Consulting, West Africa Deloitte & Touche at the time of the study, Deloitte Consulting did not provide any financial support for the study and did not play any role in the study design, data collection and analysis, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to publish. Mr Kallson participated in this study in his capacity as an individual and was not acting on behalf of Deloitte Consulting, and this does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje