The structure and mechanism of the bacterial type II secretion system.

Autor: Naskar S; Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College, London, UK., Hohl M; Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College, London, UK., Tassinari M; Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College, London, UK., Low HH; Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College, London, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Molecular microbiology [Mol Microbiol] 2021 Mar; Vol. 115 (3), pp. 412-424. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 29.
DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14664
Abstrakt: The type II secretion system (T2SS) is a multi-protein complex used by many bacteria to move substrates across their cell membrane. Substrates released into the environment serve as local and long-range effectors that promote nutrient acquisition, biofilm formation, and pathogenicity. In both animals and plants, the T2SS is increasingly recognized as a key driver of virulence. The T2SS spans the bacterial cell envelope and extrudes substrates through an outer membrane secretin channel using a pseudopilus. An inner membrane assembly platform and a cytoplasmic motor controls pseudopilus assembly. This microreview focuses on the structure and mechanism of the T2SS. Advances in cryo-electron microscopy are enabling increasingly elaborate sub-complexes to be resolved. However, key questions remain regarding the mechanism of pseudopilus extension and retraction, and how this is coupled with the choreography of the substrate moving through the secretion system. The T2SS is part of an ancient type IV filament superfamily that may have been present within the last universal common ancestor (LUCA). Overall, mechanistic principles that underlie T2SS function have implication for other closely related systems such as the type IV and tight adherence pilus systems.
(© 2020 The Authors. Molecular Microbiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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