Can hard and/or soft occlusal splints reduce the bite force transmitted to the teeth and temporomandibular joint discs? A finite element method analysis.

Autor:	Silva CAGD; School of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry (Prosthodontics), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Grossi ML; School of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry (Prosthodontics), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Araldi JC; Postgraduate Program in Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Caxias Do Sul University, Caxias Do Sul, Brazil., Corso LL; Postgraduate Program in Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Caxias Do Sul University, Caxias Do Sul, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice [Cranio] 2023 Jul; Vol. 41 (4), pp. 298-305. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 05.
DOI:	10.1080/08869634.2020.1853464
Abstrakt:	Objective: To test whether two different materials used for occlusal splints would reduce the stress to the temporomandibular joint discs. Methods: Geometric data from a young-adult male patient were obtained from computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. 3D biomodels and the finite element analyses were performed using specific software. Results: The mandibular model presented the highest bone stress areas in the mandibular rami and insertion of the temporalis muscles. Regardless the material, the highest stress in the occlusal splints was located in the second molar regions on the occlusal splint surface and in the opposing mandibular second molars. Stress reduction was only observed in the internal surface of the occlusal splints embracing the maxillary teeth. No differences between occlusal splints were found in the stress intensity and distribution in either left or right TMJ discs, being concentrated more in the anterior portion of the disc. Discussion: Hard acrylic OS should be preferred over soft EVA OS in the majority of cases, soft OS only for temporary use. Thinner OS (2-3 mm anterior thickness) should be preferred over thick ones (3-4 mm) in order to keep the stress concentrations in the center of the TMJ discs. Lighter contacts over heavier contacts should be preferred in the second molar OS contact surface area to prevent stress concentrations and fractures. Maxillary occlusal splints should be chosen if the teeth or implant are in the maxilla, and vice-versa.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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