Effectiveness of Palivizumab Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalization Among Preterm Infants in a Setting With Year-Round Circulation.

Autor:	Yeo KT; Department of Neonatology, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore.; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore., Yung CF; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.; Infectious Diseases Service, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore., Khoo PC; Department of Neonatology, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore.; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore., Saffari SE; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore., Sng JSP; Division of Nursing, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore., How MS; Division of Nursing, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore., Quek BH; Department of Neonatology, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore.; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of infectious diseases [J Infect Dis] 2021 Jul 15; Vol. 224 (2), pp. 279-287.
DOI:	10.1093/infdis/jiaa749
Abstrakt:	Background: The year-round respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) circulation in tropical regions leads to different transmission patterns and burden of disease among infants born very preterm. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to estimate the effectiveness of palivizumab in preventing RSV hospitalization at 6 and 12 months after discharge, among infants born at <32 weeks' gestation in our tropical setting. Results: A total of 109 infants (26.3%) received palivizumab at discharge, of 415 who were eligible. All patients received ≥4 doses, with 105 infants (96.3%) completing 5 doses. Within 1 year after discharge, there were 35 RSV-associated admissions (3 [2.8%] in the palivizumab vs 32 [10.5%] in the nonpalivizumab group; P = .02). After adjustment for confounders, the effectiveness of palivizumab against RSV hospitalization was estimated to be 90% (95% confidence interval, 10%-99%) up to 6 months after discharge. The median time to RSV hospitalization was shorter in the nonpalivizumab than in the palivizumab group (median [range], 155 [15-358] vs 287 [145-359] days, respectively; P = .11). Five infants (14.3%), all from the nonpalivizumab group, required admission to the intensive care unit. Conclusions: In our setting with year-round RSV circulation, palivizumab prophylaxis was effective in reducing RSV hospitalization among high-risk preterm infants of <32 weeks' gestation within the initial 6 months after discharge. (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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